In an administered vertical marketing system, a. no individual participant has control over the others, since a third party administrator oversees the entire supply chain. b. transaction selling is the norm, with the invisible hand guiding the overall functioning. c. there is no common ownership, and the dominant member has significant power to impose its ideas and objectives. d. independent firms join together formally to decide as a group how the marketing channel will operate. e. participants—such as warehouses, transportation companies, and retail outlets—are typically owned by a parent company to ensure harmonious relations throughout the supply chain.