Lance is in little league, learning to play baseball. unfortunately, he is standing too far away from the plate, and it is making his coach very upset. in order to make lance stop standing so far from the plate, the coach rings a loud bell every time little lance is more than six inches from the plate. the bell startles lance, and he doesn’t like it, so he moves closer to the plate. in this case, the sound of the bell serves as for lance’s behavior of standing too far from the plate.

After hearing a knock at your front door, you are surprised to see the prize patrol from a large, well-known magazine subscription company. it has arrived with the good news that you are the big winner, having won $21 million. you have three options.(a) receive $1.05 million per year for the next 20 years.(b) have $8.25 million today.(c) have $2.25 million today and receive $750,000 for each of the next 20 years. your financial adviser tells you that it is reasonable to expect to earn 13 percent on investments.