At the present time, western gas & electric company (wgc) has 15-year noncallable bonds with a face value of $1,000 that are outstanding. these bonds have a current market price of $1,329.55 per bond, carry a coupon rate of 12%, and distribute annual coupon payments. the company incurs a federal-plus-state tax rate of 35%. if wgc wants to issue new debt, what would be a reasonable estimate for its after-tax cost of debt (rounded to two decimal places)? o 4.22% o 6.07% o 6.34% o 5.28%

The risk-free rate is 7% and the expected rate of return on the market portfolio is 11%. a. calculate the required rate of return on a security with a beta of 1.92. (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. if the security is expected to return 15%, is it overpriced or underpriced?

Uppose that the federal reserve purchases a bond for $100,000 from donald truck, who deposits the proceeds in the manufacturer’s national bank. what will be the impact of this purchase on the supply of money? the money supply will increase by $100,000. the money supply will increase by $80,000. the money supply will increase by $500,000. this action will have no effect on the money supply. if the reserve requirement ratio is 20 percent, what is the maximum amount of additional loans that the manufacturer’s bank will be able to extend as the result of truck’s deposit? the maximum additional loans is $100,000. the maximum additional loans is $80,000. the maximum additional loans is $20,000. the maximum additional loans is $500,000. given the 20 percent reserve requirement, what is the maximum increase in the quantity of checkable deposits that could result throughout the entire banking system because of the fed’s action? this action will have no effect on the money supply. the money supply will eventually increase by $80,000. the money supply will eventually increase by $500,000. the money supply will eventually increase by $100,000.

Classify each of the following items as a public good, a private good, a natural monopoly good, or a common resource.(a) measles vaccinations (b) tuna in the pacific ocean (c) airline service in the united states (d) local storm-water system