Smith company has two divisions. division a makes a proprietary product which it sells to division b. division b then refines it and sells it to the market. the two division managers have always fought over how much of the profit belongs to each division, a process known as recently a new manager was hired. she is an expert at activity-based management, having taken accounting 431 at wvu! she shifted the conversation to focus on or increasing total profits between the two divisions. one thing she found was that identical quality testing was happening both at the end of the division a process and the beginning of the division b process. basically, this was a(n) because there was extra cost for no extra benefit. another thing she found was that division b often placed small orders, even though a larger order would have been much more efficient. the convenience on division b’s end was much smaller than the added cost on division a’s end, so the smaller order size is a(n) to her brilliant leadership, firm profits have gone up, and both division managers are happy!

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Andy owns islander surfboard inc. in the past, andy has always given his employees bonuses during the holidays if they reached certain sales goals. this year, even though the company is thriving, he decided to cut bonuses from employees and award them to himself instead. what ethical theory of leadership is andy following?

Which of the following describes a situation in which there would be decreasing marginal utility? a. buying only necessities. b. buying a car to substitute for riding the bus. c. buying food in bulk to save money in the long run. d. buying a second winter coat.