1. how well is walmart performing? to what extent is its performance attributable to industry attractiveness and to what extent to competitive advantage?
2. in which of walmart’s principal functions and activities (namely: purchasing, distribution and warehousing, instore operations, marketing, it, hrm, and organization and management systems/style) do its main competitive advantages lie? identify the distinctive resources and capabilities in each of these functions and activities.
3. to what extent is walmart’s competitive advantage sustainable? why have other retailers had limited success in imitating walmart’s strategy and duplicating its competitive advantage?
4. what challenges does walmart currently face? what measures does it need to take to sustain its recent performance and defend against competitive (and other) threats?

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e. g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

In which of the following games is it clearly the case that the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society? a. two oil companies own adjacent oil fields over a common pool of oil, and each company decides whether to drill one well or two wells. b. two airlines dominate air travel between city a and city b, and each airline decides whether to charge a "high" airfare or a "low" airfare on flights between those two cities. c. two superpowers decide whether to build new weapons or to disarm. d. in all of the above cases, the cooperative outcome of the game is good for the two players and bad for society

Predict how the price of athletic shorts would change if schools banned their use