What is the impact of the following factors on the optimal method of procuring an input. a. benefits from specialization. reduce the benefits of vertical integration. reduce the benefits of contracts. increase the benefits of vertical integration. reduce the benefits of spot exchange. b. bureaucracy costs. reduce the benefits of vertical integration. reduce the benefits of spot exchange. increase the benefits of vertical integration. reduce the benefits of contracts. c. opportunism on either side of the transaction. lead to less detailed contracts. lead to the use of spot exchange. lead to contracts that are more detailed or vertical integration. d. specialized investments. make vertical integration unattractive. make spot exchange unattractive. make contracts unattractive. e. unspecifiable events. make contracts unattractive. make vertical integration unattractive. make spot exchange unattractive. f. bargaining costs. lead to spot exchange. lead to shorter contracts. lead to longer contracts or vertical integration.