Which of the following is an example of scarcity, rather than shortage? a. a popular toy is sold out during the busy holiday season. b. you have spent your last penny and payday is a week away. c. a person wants an endless supply of everything but cannot have it. d. dairy items were rationed in america during world war ii. select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d

Suppose that two firms produce differentiated products and compete in prices. as in class, the two firms are located at two ends of a line one mile apart. consumers are evenly distributed along the line. the firms have identical marginal cost, $60. firm b produces a product with value $110 to consumers. firm a (located at 0 on the unit line) produces a higher quality product with value $120 to consumers. the cost of travel are directly related to the distance a consumer travels to purchase a good. if a consumerhas to travel a mile to purchase a good, the incur a cost of $20. if they have to travel x fraction of a mile, they incur a cost of $20x. (a) write down the expressions for how much a consumer at location d would value the products sold by firms a and b, if they set prices p_{a} and p_{b} ? (b) based on your expressions in (a), how much will be demanded from each firm if prices p_{a} and p_{b} are set? (c) what are the nash equilibrium prices?

Last year ann arbor corp had $155,000 of assets, $305,000 of sales, $20,000 of net income, and a debt-to-total-assets ratio of 37.5%. the new cfo believes a new computer program will enable it to reduce costs and thus raise net income to $33,000. assets, sales, and the debt ratio would not be affected. by how much would the cost reduction improve the roe? a. 11.51%b. 12.11%c. 12.75%d. 13.42%e. 14.09%

John has been working as a tutor for $300 a semester. when the university raises the price it pays tutors to $400, jasmine enters the market and begins tutoring as well. how much does producer surplus rise as a result of this price increase?