Ayoung couple living in rural west-central missouri heard about the closing of a local grocery store. although a small operation, it served a small community that would now have to travel another 20 miles to the nearest grocery store. with from a local realtor and banker, the couple purchased the store, remodeled it, and re-opened it. as new storeowners, they had to carefully watch cash flow. as their customer base began to grow, they began offering hot food, and hired others to with the operation. the economic benefit created in this story is called:

David paid $975,000 for two beachfront lots in coastal south carolina, with the intention of building residential homes on each. two years later, the south carolina legislature passed the beachfront management act, barring any further development of the coast, including david's lots. when david files a complaint to seek compensation for his property, south carolina refuses, pointing to a passage in david's own complaint that states "the beachfront management act [was] properly and validly designed to south carolina's " is south carolina required to compensate david under the takings clause?