During recessions
a. workers are laid off.
b. factories are idle.
c. firms may find they are unable to sell all they produce.
d. all of the above are correct.

The correct option is d.

Explanation:

Recession: It is a period that impacts the overall gross domestic product (GDP)  in a decreasing manner. It affects the companies sales, production to a large extent.

When the company is facing huge losses, so the chances of terminating the employees are high, the machines and factories become idle, etc.

So, it impacts the overall day to day activities in a negative manner.

Hence, the correct option is d.

answer; someone must cover the cost associated with the provision of scarce goods in both sectors;

among other factors, composers started writing dynamic markings in their scores because "new instruments allowed for more dynamic ranges and contrast."

dynamics allude to the loudness or softness of music. dynamics offer an approach to demonstrate articulation in sheet music. they to drive the enthusiastic substance of music through volume and force. maybe you could alter both the volume and the shading profundity on your screen at the same time. we can likewise think about the force side of elements as the quality of a note. a few notes are intended to be played delicately and gently, while others are intended to be played all the more firmly.  

some dynamics markings have a letter 'm,' which remains for mezzo, signifying 'medium.' so a mezzo piano unique stamping resembles this (mp) and intends to play medium calm, while a mezzo specialty dynamic resembles this (mf) and intends to play medium loud.