Which of the following statements is false?
a. as the enterprise value represents the entire value of a firm before the firm pays its debt, to form an appropriate multiple, we divide it by a measure of earnings or cash flows after interest payments are made.
b. we can compute a firm's price-earnings ratio by using either trailing earnings or forward earnings with the resulting ratio called the trailing price-earnings or forward price-earnings.
c. it is common practice to use valuation multiples based on a firm's enterprise value.
d. using a valuation multiple based on comparables is best viewed as a "shortcut" to the discounted cash flow method of valuation.

Symantec corp., located in cupertino, california, is one of the world's largest producers of security and systems management software. the company's consolidated balance sheets for the 2009 and 2008 fiscal years included the following ($ in thousands): current assets: receivables, less allowances of $21,766 in 2009 and $24,089 in 2008 $ 838,010 $ 758,700 a disclosure note accompanying the financial statements reported the following ($ in thousands): year ended 2009 2008 (in thousands) trade accounts receivable, net: receivables $ 859,776 $ 782,789 less: allowance for doubtful accounts (8,938) (8,990) less: reserve for product returns (12,828) (15,099) trade accounts receivable, net: $ 838,010 $ 758,700 assume that the company reported bad debt expense in 2009 of $2,000 and had products returned for credit totaling $3,230 (sales price). net sales for 2009 were $6,174,800 (all numbers in thousands).required: what is the amount of accounts receivable due from customers at the end of 2009 and 2008? what amount of accounts receivable did symentec write off during 2009? what is the amount of symentec’s gross sales for the 2009 fiscal year? assuming that all sales are made on a credit basis, what is the amount of cash symentec collected from customers during the 2009 fiscal year?

Suppose a firm faces a fixed price of output, 푝푝= 1200. the firm hires workers from a union at a daily wage, 푤푤, to produce output according to the production function 푞푞= 2퐸퐸12. there are 225 workers in the union. any union worker who does not work for this firm is guaranteed to find nonunion employment at a wage of $96 per day. a. what is the firm’s labor demand function? b. if the firm is allowed to choose 푤푤, but then the union decides how many workers to provide (up to 225) at that wage, what wage will the firm set? how many workers will the union provide? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? c. now suppose that the union sets the wage, but the firm decides how many workers to hire at that wage (up to 225). what wage will the union set to maximize the total income of all 225 workers? how many workers will the firm hire? what is the firm’s output and profit? what is the total income of the 225 union workers? [hint: to maximize total income of union, take the first order condition with respect to w and set equal to 0.]

Match the given situations to the type of risks that a business may face while taking credit. 1. beta ltd. had taken a loan from a bank for a period of 15 years, but its sales are gradually showing a decline. 2. alpha ltd. has taken a loan for increasing its production and sales, but it has not conducted any research before making this decision. 3. delphi ltd. has an overseas client. the economy of the client’s country is going through severe recession. 4. delphi ltd. has taken a short-term loan from the bank, but its supply chain logistics are not in place. a. foreign exchange risk b. operational risk c. term of loan risk d. revenue projections risk