What is an externality? someone who wouldn't choose to pay for a certain good or service but who'd get the benefits of it anyway if provided as a public good someone who would choose to pay for a certain good or service but does not get the benefits of it if provided as a public good a shared good or service for which it would be impractical to make consumers pay individually and to exclude nonpayers a side effect of a good or service generating benefits or costs to someone who doesn't decide how much to produce or consume?

The following information is available for jase company: market price per share of common stock $25.00 earnings per share on common stock $1.25 which of the following statements is correct? a. the price-earnings ratio is 20 and a share of common stock was selling for 20 times the amount of earnings per share at the end of the year. b. the market price per share and the earnings per share are not statistically related to each other. c. the price-earnings ratio is 5% and a share of common stock was selling for 5% more than the amount of earnings per share at the end of the year. d. the price-earnings ratio is 10 and a share of common stock was selling for 125 times the amount of earnings per share at the end of the year.

Doogan corporation makes a product with the following standard costs: standard quantity or hours standard price or rate direct materials 2.0 grams $ 7.00 per gram direct labor 1.6 hours $ 12.00 per hour variable overhead 1.6 hours $ 6.00 per hour the company produced 5,000 units in january using 10,340 grams of direct material and 2,320 direct labor-hours. during the month, the company purchased 10,910 grams of the direct material at $7.30 per gram. the actual direct labor rate was $12.85 per hour and the actual variable overhead rate was $5.80 per hour. the company applies variable overhead on the basis of direct labor-hours. the direct materials purchases variance is computed when the materials are purchased. the materials quantity variance for january is:

Why does the downward-sloping production possibilities curve imply that factors of production are scarce?