Ajustification for job training programs is that they improve worker productivity. suppose that you are asked to evaluate whether more job training makes workers more productive. however, rather than having data on individual workers, you have access to data on manufacturing firms in ohio. in particu- lar, for each firm, you have information on hours of job training per worker (training) and number of nondefective items produced per worker hour (output). (i) carefully state the ceteris paribus thought experiment underlying this policy question. (ii) does it seem likely that a firm’s decision to train its workers will be independent of worker characteristics? what are some of those measurable and unmeasurable worker characteristics? (iii) name a factor other than worker characteristics that can affect worker productivity. (iv) if you find a positive correlation between output and training, would you have convincingly established that job training makes workers more productive? explain.

In december of 2004, the company you own entered into a 20-year contract with a grain supplier for daily deliveries of grain to its hot dog bun manufacturing facility. the contract called for "10,000 pounds of grain" to be delivered to the facility at the price of $100,000 per day. until february 2017, the supplier provided processed grain which could easily be used in your manufacturing process. however, no longer wanting to absorb the cost of having the grain processed, the supplier began delivering whole grain. the supplier is arguing that the contract does not specify the type of grain that would be supplied and that it has not breached the contract. your company is arguing that the supplier has an onsite processing plant and processed grain was implicit to the terms of the contract. over the remaining term of the contract, reshipping and having the grain processed would cost your company approximately $10,000,000, opposed to a cost of around $1,000,000 to the supplier. after speaking with in-house counsel, it was estimated that litigation would cost the company several million dollars and last for years. weighing the costs of litigation, along with possible ambiguity in the contract, what are three options you could take to resolve the dispute? which would be the best option for your business and why?

You are working on a bid to build two city parks a year for the next three years. this project requires the purchase of $249,000 of equipment that will be depreciated using straight-line depreciation to a zero book value over the three-year project life. ignore bonus depreciation. the equipment can be sold at the end of the project for $115,000. you will also need $18.000 in net working capital for the duration of the project. the fixed costs will be $37000 a year and the variable costs will be $148,000 per park. your required rate of return is 14 percent and your tax rate is 21 percent. what is the minimal amount you should bid per park? (round your answer to the nearest $100) (a) $214,300 (b) $214,100 (c) $212,500 (d) $208,200 (e) $208,400

If a hotel has 100 rooms, and each room takes 25 minutes to clean, how many housekeepers working 8-hour shifts does the hotel need at 50 percent occupancy?