Every trait you see on an organism is a result of that organism's dna instructing the organism's cells. how does the information stored in dna's nucleotides translate into traits such as eye color and ear shape? a. traits are determined by the presence or absence of lac operons along a series of nucleotides. b. traits are determined by codons that are stored in groups of nucleotides. c. traits are determined by a group of enzymes known as dna helicases. d. traits are determined by proteins that are built according to the instructions stored in genes.