1. in biology, a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its descendants is referred to as a
• derived character.
• taxonomic group.
• molecular clock.

2. which of the following ideas is supported by darwin's observation of local variation among tortoises in the galápagos islands?
• artificial selection
• adaptation
• tendency towards perfection

3. darwin realized that the economist malthus's theory of population control (as in, how did darwin apply malthus’ ideas to his own ideas regarding evolution? )
• applied only to humans and that populations of no other organisms could be controlled
• could be generalized and applied to any population of organisms.
• explained exactly why the number of deaths exceeded the number of births

4. a farmer sprays insecticide on his crops to kill unwanted insects. most of the insects die, and the chemicals have the effect of damaging the dna of the insects that are not killed. which of these happened?
• genetic equilibrium has been maintained.
• mutations have arisen that may have altered allele frequencies.
• individuals with new genetic information have immigrated into the population

5. often, the second part of a scientific name is
• a description of a trait or habitat.
• capitalized if it derives from a proper name.
• different in different locations

6. the principle of common descent explain why (hint: common descent is dealing with genetics) (1 point)
• well-adapted species have many offspring
• birds and reptiles share a number of inherited characteristics.
• tigers are so different from cheetahs.

7. which of the following is something that you can directly see? (1 point)
• allele information within genes
• genotypes
• phenotypes

8. the three-domain system recognizes fundamental differences between two groups of
• prokaryotes.
• protists
• multicellular organisms

9. a polygenic trait can have (hint: what does the prefix poly mean? )
• many possible genotypes (gene), producing many possible phenotypes (physical trait).
• fewer phenotypes than most single-gene traits.
• fewer genotypes than most single-gene traits.

10. if a mutation introduces a new skin color in a lizard population, which factor might determine whether the frequency of the new allele will increase? (1 point)
• how many other alleles are present
• whether the mutation makes some lizards more fit for their environment than other lizards
• whether the mutation was caused by nature or human intervention