How the metabolism of hetero trophy differs from that of autotrophs

In many functions of a living organism, it cannot make its own energy. It uses energy from its environment, retrieves and converts into a usable and edible matter. Organisms that can do this process is the autotrophs, they can facilitate photosynthesis which they gather energy from the sun, water and carbon dioxide in order to create energy by then, the transfer of this energy to other organism is played by the food chain –food web.   

The options in the question contain both autotrophs and heterotrophs.
(a) A giant redwood tree = Autotroph
(b) A spider = Heterotroph
(c) A rose bush = Autotroph
(d) A mushroom = Heterotroph
(e) A blue whale = Heterotroph
Autrophs are the organisms that have the capacity to form their own food from inorganic substances like the carbon dioxide. 
Heterotrophs are the organisms that cannot produce their own food but depends on other animals or plants for their nutritional needs. 

Where are the following