If skeletal muscles work to the point of fatigue, the muscle cells may not have sufficient oxygen to carry out aerobic respiration. what processes do muscle cells use if oxygen is not available for aerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration is the reaction of the breakdown of glucose compounds by requiring oxygen. There are 4 stages in doing aerobic respiration.

In the process of glycolysis, the breakdown of sugar molecules into pyruvic acid compounds occurs in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the oxidative decarboxylation process occurs in the mitochondria which convert pyruvic acid to acetyl Co-A. After that, the third stage occurs, namely the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria that produce oxaloacetate and citric acid. In the final stage, there is an electron transport in the membrane in the mitochondria which produces H2O and energy.

In contrast to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration is a process of solving glucose that does not require oxygen. As for some organisms that can carry out anaerobic respiration: yeast, lactic acid bacteria, body muscles in humans. When compared to aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration produces only a small amount of ATP (energy). Anaerobic respiration process can be divided into 2, namely alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

The process of muscle regeneration is a process of self-repair from damaged and dead muscles due to trauma, nutritional deficiencies, the presence of certain clinical conditions on the muscles. If you exercise alone, in general, the muscle will take nutrients from the burning of glucose and fat in the body. So every time we eat, there will be reserves in the form of glucose or sugar, fat, and protein.

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Aerobic respiration

muscle regeneration

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Grade: College

Subject: Biology

Keywords: aerobic, respiration, muscle

the transfer of energy between two molecules spaced just nanometers apart plays a key role in many technologies, including photovoltaics, quantum information systems, lighting, and sensors, as well as in biophysics to measure nanometer distances and in photosynthesis. but an open question in this area is what effect, if any, the surrounding photonic environment has on this nanoscale energy transfer. by designing and performing a carefully controlled experiment to answer this question, scientists have settled the debate and found clues to improving the efficiency of many of the technologies that rely on this process.

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