On a molecular level, all organisms
a. have the same bases in dna and rna, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes.
b. have the same bases in dna and rna, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code.
c. show no similarities.
d. have the same bases in dna and rna, but different amino acids in proteins.
e. use different means of storing genetic information.

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i. e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

What function does the limb sever in each animal? how are the limb bones of the four animals similar? based on these similarities what can be inferred about the evolution of the four animals.

The fascicles of the deltoid are ; the fascicles of the pectoralis parallel; bipennate fusiform; unipennate multipennate; triangular bipennate; fusiform