Which of the following best describes a cladogram?
a. a node represents the first point that two groups shared a common ancestor.
b. the goal of a cladogram is to show relationships and evolutionary descent between species.
c. the more closely related lineages are the farther the distance between them on a cladogram.
d. the goal of a cladogram is to show overall similarities and differences of species.

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

Which worm has eyespots that are used to detect light? a fluke b marine worm c planarian d tapeworm

The offspring of two different species