Which organelles are found only in plant cells? cell membrane, vacuole cell wall, chloroplasts cell wall, vacuole cell membrane, chloroplasts

The following structures are found only in plant cell and not in animal cell –

a)Central vacuole – Maintains pressure inside the cell wall and is surrounded by its own membrane

b)Cell Wall- it lies just outside the cell membrane and consists of cellulose and lignin

c)Plastids (Chloroplast)- These are organelles bounded by membrane and consisting of their individual DNA for example chloroplast and chromoplast.

The cell wall and the chloroplast are only found in the plant cell.

Further Explanation:

The cell wall is the rigid and semi-permeable outer layer of some cells such as plant and bacterial cells. It is the outer covering of the plasma membrane. It is composed of cellulose (complex carbohydrate) and is responsible for rigid structure.

It consists of three layers;

• Middle lamella

• Primary cell wall

• Secondary cell wall

Middle lamella is the outermost layer of the cell wall. It contains pectin that helps in cell adhesion. Primary cell wall lies between the middle lamella and plasma membrane in the growing plant cells. It contains cellulose microfibrils that provide strength and flexibility. Secondary cell wall is present between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane of some cells. It contains cellulose and lignin that strengthen the cell wall.

Chloroplast is the prime organelle that helps in photosynthesis by converting light energy into chemical energy. It is a round, oval, disk-shaped structure present in the plant cells and algae. It is a double membranous structure and the outer and inner layers are separated by the intermembrane space. The innermost (third) membrane vesicles (thylakoid) are arranged in the form of stacks that reside in a matrix known as the stroma. The green pigment is present in the thylakoid. The two types of pigments; namely chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are present in the chloroplast. These pigments are responsible for the absorption of light energy.

Learn More:

1. Learn more about meiosis

2. Learn more about the process of molecular diffusion in a cell

3. Learn more about human sperm and egg cell

Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Structure of cell.

Keywords:

Cell wall, chloroplast,semi-permeable, rigid, microfibrils, lamella, lignin, photosynthesis, chemical, organelle, thylakoid, stroma, chlorophyll, pigment.

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