Another method of is to partially cut a stem and keep it moist until roots form. layering cutting grafting

Another method of layering is to partially cut a stem and keep it moist until roots form. The correct option among all the options given in the question is the first option. The system of layering has different techniques. It is mainly used for propagating a plant. In layering sometimes the portion of the aerial stem grows roots while it is still attached to the main plant and then it is separated from the main plant and allowed to grow on its own. This is another technique used for layering.

Where is the picture at

Basalt rock can be rough or maybe smooth