What is the function of the mitochondria ?

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Mitochondria is also known as power house of the cell. The word mitochondria in singular is mitochondrian.

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Mitochondria are tiny bodies in various shapes. (Cylindrical, spherical, rod shaped e.t.c)

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The shape of mitochondria varies from (0.2 mm to 2mm).

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Each mitochondrian is surrounded by double layer of membrane. The doublelayer is divided in two layers -

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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀★ The inner membrane.

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀★ The outer membrane.

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The inner membrane folds are known as cristae and this membrane is studded by small bodies often known as particles and oxysomes.

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On the other hand the outer membrane is porous. The inner cavity of mitochondria ( matrix ) contain small sized ribosomes.

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Mitochondria oxidise the carbohydrates and fats present in our cells.

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This oxidation releases energy which is used in form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

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ATP is generally known as energy carrier or energy currency of the cell.

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This ATP synthesis the chemical compounds (DNA replication, RNA transaction, synthesis of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates).

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Mitochondria also perform the function of mechanical work, as contraction of muscles.

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