Ablack cat and a white cat have four black kittens in the f1 generation. in the f2 generation, there are three black kittens and one white kitten. explain how the f2 generation proves that genetic information passes unchanged from one generation to the next, even when a specific trait is not exhibited.

The black cat is the dominant allele B and the white cat is a recessive allele w. now, 
in f1: the dominant allele masked the recessive characters but  they are heterologous dominant ie BBww
in f2: Bw x Bw 
the outcome is  BB,Bw,Bw,ww 
 tip:do the checkerboard formula by mendel it always works

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein