Is dark reaction autotrophic or heterotrophic

What function does the limb sever in each animal? how are the limb bones of the four animals similar? based on these similarities what can be inferred about the evolution of the four animals.

Cladistics is a way of classifying organisms by examining the characteristics of their ancestors and descendants and depicting the relationships in a cladogram. which of the following best describes a challenge in classifying organisms this way? a. there are millions of species on earth, and a cladogram is not a practical means for classifying all of them. b. it is impossible to tell which organisms are most closely related to each other using a cladogram. c. cladograms are detail-oriented and do not provide a useful understanding of evolutionary relationships. d. there is a limited number of ways to organize the information, so most cladograms end up looking very similar.

The sea slug that considered to be a photosyntheesizing animal