Mantle plumes are areas of hot, upwelling mantle and hot spots develops above these plumes as noted in the map above. magma generated by the hot spot rises through the rigid plates of the lithosphere and produces active volcanoes at the earth's surface. as oceanic volcanoes move away from the hot spot, they cool and subside, producing islands, atolls, and seamounts. as the magma cools in the water it forms rocks. a) metamorphic b) clastic igneous c) extrusive igneous d) intrusive igneous

The answer is C

Explanation:

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hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure