I believe the correct answer is monosaccharide
Explanation:
Carbohydrates can be in form of monosaccharides, disaccahrides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are single sugar carbohydrates, disaccharides are double sugar carbohydrates and polysaccharides have more than 2 sugars.
Further Explanation:1. Monosaccharides
This is the simplest form that a carbohydrate can exist. Examples include glucose, galactose and fructose. This also gives them the name simple sugars. They have a simple formula C6H12O6 and are isomers of carbohydrate. Plants have another monosaccharide called xylose that unlike the other monosaccharides, xylose is a pentose sugar meaning it has 5 carbon molecules. They provide energy in organisms at a faster rate. They form the basis as to why athletes normally lick raw glucose during a rest or after a long run.
2. Disaccarides
They are considered double sugars usually formed by a combination of two monosaccharides. Some of the most commonly known disaccharides are sucrose, maltose and lactose. Their formula is doubled since there is double the number of carbon atoms. They are represented by the formula C12H11O11. Dehydration reactions usually form these disaccharides. That means a water molecule is removed from their formula. We use disaccharides more than you can imagine since they are part of our sweeteners. A good example is sucrose which we commonly call table sugar. Lactose is found in milk and maltose in chocolate.
3. Polysaccharide
Also called glycans,these a long chains of sugars forming comple sugars commonly refered to as starch. An example is the rice we eat. They are made from chains of multiple monosaccharides. Enzymes are responsible for binding the monosaccharides. They are mostly used for storing energy and when consumed provide huge levels of energy to the body. Enzymes that remove energy from these polysaccharides usually work on individual monomers rather than the polymers as whole. Polymers are also used for cell communication.
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Level: High School
Subject: Biology
