What structure on the human body is comparable to the alula?

The symptoms that shelly is experiencing result from the interactions between streptococcus pyogenes (a prokaryote) and the cells (eukaryotes) within shelley's body. although there are similarities between these two types of cells, there are also important differences.

Elephants in the savanna regions of africa dig holes in dried up river beds to reach water lying just below the surface. these holes provide drinking water for other animals as well. so, without the elephants, many animals might otherwise die from lack of water during the dry season. the location in which the elephants live is an example of a/n and the role they play in creating water holes is an example of a a) ecosystem; habitat b) community; niche c) habitat; niche d) niche; habitat

Is there any species that went extinct in recent years due to natural causes (not caused by human interaction). if so, what caused it?