1. Explain what a "derived character" is in your own words.

It is a trait or characteristics of yours most recent ancestor or a lineage of organisms that has evolved after separating from another lineages.

many phylogenetic trees have a single lineage at the base representing a common ancestor. a lineage that evolved early from the root and remains unbranched is called basal taxon. when two lineages stem from the same branch point, they are called sister taxa.

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explanation:

oxygen = 21% of the atmosphere

nitrogen = 78%

carbon dioxide = 0.1%

argon =0.934%