What is the important ingredient in the neutralization buffer and what does it do?

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

How do plants obtain more sunlight a.) they lean towards the light b.)they grow straight up c.) they only live in sunny areas, like the tropics d.) they stay low to the ground

Grade 91.)the gravitational pull from the moon words).2.) what is the rate of gravitational 3.)if you drop a hammer, is it more likely to drop handle side down, head side down, or equal chance that it will land either way? why? 4.)a car moves 60km east and 90km west. a.) what is the distance the car traveled? b.) what is the car's displacement5.)what is the average velocity of a car that moved 60 km south in 3 hours? 6.) a car starts from rest and acceleration to 60 m/s over a time of 5 seconds. what is the acceleration of the car? 7.)what is the speed of an object at rest?