A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of veins in the pampiniform plexus which may hinder blood flow through the pampiniform venous plexus into the testicular vein. The reduced venous drainage and the resulting elevated testicular temperature may be caused by .

According to the rna world hypothesis, rna acted as the genetic material and catalyzed reactions in ancient cells. what conclusion can you draw from this?               a.  this implies that dna and proteins aren't essential in cells today.    b.  this implies that rna can catalyze any chemical reaction that enzymes catalyze.    c.  this implies that if a cell has a problem with its dna, its rna can compensate for the damaged dna.    d.  this implies that dna and proteins evolved after rna.