the activity of predators has caused their prey to evolve a variety of protective characteristics. how are prey able to acquire new features

structure is maintained and sustained by:

-cytoskeleton: gives cells coherence

-cell wall: support

-cytoplasm: shape

hope this .

the denominator has a very specific role.

ecological efficiency: % of usable energy transferred as

biomass from one trophic level to the next typical is 10% efficient (90% of

energy is lost),is diagramed as the pyramid of energy flow. then osprey eagle

are tertiary consumer and the shrimp are primary consumer, so to balance

mass of shrimp (1/0.1) / 0.1 = 100 kg