Human muscle cells are facultative anaerobes that perform lactic acid fermentation when oxygen is depleted from muscle tissues. During periods of high physical activity, such as a 100-meter sprint, ATP is rapidly used for muscle contraction. The limited oxygen delivered to muscle cells becomes a problem, and aerobic respiration is blocked. In Anaerobic respiration, the ATP provided by rapid fermentation,

temporarily provides energy to maintain muscle function in the absence of oxygen until oxygen levels are restored.

(SC.912. L.18.9 - Sub Cat. SC 912. L.18.8)

Yeast also performs cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen, a process called Alcoholic Fermentation. What are two products of Alcoholic Fermentation?

o Water + Carbon Dioxide (CO)

Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Glucose + Oxygen (O2)

Lactic Acid + Oxygen (O2)

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.