2. What does substrate-level phosphorylation involve? a. the direct formation of ATP by energy released during chemical reactions
b. the formation of ATP by the flow of protons through a membrane protein channel
c. the formation of ATP by the addition of oxygen
d. all of the above

How are gross production and net production different? a. net production is always greater than gross production. b. net production is always less than gross production. only animals have net production. d. only plants have net production. select the best answer from the choices provided

The scales shown in the introduction measure mass, or the amount of matter in a particular object. the scientific law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction, but it can change from one form to another. did the simulation support this scientific law? explain why or why not.

What two conditions must be present for osmosis to occur?