Help with odd one out and catogarise other 3 pivot, ball and socket , lumbar, gliding

Compare and contrast cladistics and phylogeny. what are their advantages and disadvantages? which is the most useful in understanding how an organism developed into its current form? which concept most strongly supports your opinion about the origin of any given organism?

In the practice of science, this type of reasoning is used to develop explanations.

Which of the following statements about protists are true? a. they are typically found in moist environments. b. they are all unicellular. c. they have a nucleus. d. they are all multicellular.