What do both the rho-dependent and rho-independent mechanisms of termination have in common?

In both cases, a stem loop structure causes RNA polymerase to pause. In ρ dependent termination, ρ protein is required to interact with the open complex at this point, dissociating the RNA-DNA hybrid.

No because the eaeht is on a 23.5 degree axis tilt and so when it is winter the northern hemisphere is pointing away from the sun and the soutubern hemisphere is pointing toward the sun