1. If a cell’s ΨP = 3 bars and its ΨS = -4.5 bars, what is the resulting Ψ? 2. The cell from question #1 is placed in a beaker of sugar water with ΨS = -4.0 bars. In which direction will the net flow of water be?

3. The original cell from question # 1 is placed in a beaker of sugar water with ΨS = -0.15 MPa (megapascals). We know that 1 MPa = 10 bars. In which direction will the net flow of water be?

4. The value for Ψ in root tissue was found to be -3.3 bars. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose at 20°C in an open beaker, what is the Ψ of the solution, and in which direction would the net flow of water be?

5. NaCl dissociates into 2 particles in water: Na+ and Cl-. If the solution in question 4 contained 0.1M NaCl instead of 0.1M sucrose, what is the Ψ of the solution, and in which direction would the net flow of water be?

6. A plant cell with a Ψs of -7.5 bars keeps a constant volume when immersed in an o