At which COP were countries first required to extend their commitment period

The Kyoto Protocol, a landmark environmental treaty that was adopted in 1997 at the COP 3 in Japan, represents the first time nations agreed to legally mandated, country-specific emissions reduction targets.

Explanation:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol

the article where I got the info from, hope this helps

yes it is weird but true

satellites are frequently used to make observations of the orbit on earth