Assignment 1 A female patient aged 34 years old, presented to your clinic with a chief complaint of pain in lower back teeth , by examination the patient has a history of previous attacks of sub-acute bacterial
endocarditis since two years and the patient has an open heart surgery for placement of a prosthetic heart valve 9 months ago
formulate a treatment plan for this patient including the detailed history and diagnosis and medical proparation for extraction of her tooth as well as the expected complication/s.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

flooding wildfire landslides climate change the factors listed have an immediate effect on the animal populations found in any habitat. the four factors would lead to a death. b emigration. eliminate c immigration. d mutations.

a = executive branch; b = judicial branch