How does temperature affect enzyme controlled reactions

Temperature vs. Enzyme Reactivity

Collisions between all molecules increase as temperature increases. This is due to the increase in velocity and kinetic energy that follows temperature increases. With faster velocities, there will be less time between collisions. This results in more molecules reaching the activation energy, which increases the rate of the reactions. Since the molecules are also moving faster, collisions between enzymes and substrates also increase.

Optimum Temperature

Each enzyme has a temperature that it works optimally in, which in humans is around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit , 37 degrees Celsius – the normal body temperature for humans. However, some enzymes work really well at lower temperatures like 39 degree Fahrenheit, 4 degrees Celsius, and some work really well at higher temperatures. For instance, animals from the Arctic have enzymes adapted to have lower optimum temperatures while animals in desert climates have enzymes adapted to higher temperatures. While higher temperatures do increase the activity of enzymes and the rate of reactions, enzymes are still proteins, and as with all proteins, temperatures above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, 40 degrees Celsius, will start to break them down. So, the two ends of the activity range for an enzyme are determined by what temperature starts the activity and what temperature starts to break down the protein.

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genetic variation will increase because of a new habitat and food source.

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