Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. the n = 1 energy level has two electrons, and the n = 2 energy level has six electrons. oxygen's valence is

+2,-2,+1,-1

There are few cells in the body that do not undergo mitosis: most somatic cells divide regularly, some more than others. take for example the cells that line the digestive tract. these cells must be frequently replaced because they are constantly eroded by the movement of food through the tract. what mechanism(s) is/are in place to ensure that these cells are exact copies of the mother cell