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Which of the following observation darwin shape his concept of descent with modification? a) species diversity declines farther from the equator. b) fewer species live on islands than on the nearest continents. c) birds live on islands located farther from the mainland than the bird's maximum nonstop flight distance. d) south american temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of south america than to the temperate plants of europe. e) earthquakes reshape life by causing mass extinctions.

An enzymatic hydrolysis of fructose-1-p, fructose-1-p(aq) + h2o(l) - fructose (aq) + pi (aq) was allowed to proceed to equilibrium at 25°c. the original concentration of fructose-1-p was 0.2 m, but when the system had reached equilibrium, the concentration of fructose-1-p was only 6.52 x 10^-5 m. calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction and the free energy of hydrolysis of fructose-1-p.

Whenever diploid populations are in hardy-weinberg equilibrium at a particular locus a) the allele's frequency should not change from one generation to the next, but its representation in homozygous and heterozygous genotypes may change. b) natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift are acting equally to change an allele's frequency. c) this means that, at this locus, two alleles are present in equal proportions. d) the population itself is not evolving, but individuals within the population may be evolving.