Val works as a paleoclimatologist in Alaska. While studying ice core samples, she identifies an increase in the isotopic ratio of oxygen 10,000 years ago. From this discovery, she knows that Earth's temperature at that time was

✓ Aside from

temperature, Val can also learn about

✓ from the ice cores. Val's data suggests that she's uncovered a glacial

climate for this time period. During a glacial climate, Val knows, there would have been

sea level, compared to what

she witnesses today.

his research revealed two genetically different groups of prokaryotes, which justified splitting kingdom monera into two kingdoms. the genetic and cellular differences were so great, that these two kingdoms were eventually placed into different domains in the current three-domain system.

human didn't come from monkeys man i hate these stupid teachers

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products