The cells represented in the diagram above are involved in the learning process, short-term and long-term memory, and response to a stimulus. These cells are part
of the -

Sensitization is a process that allows an animal to generalize an aversive response elicited by a noxious stimulus to a variety of other, non-noxious stimuli. ... Even after a single stimulus to the tail, the gill withdrawal reflex remains enhanced for at least an hour (called short-term sensitization).

What have scientists learned about plant behavior by studying the dodder plant