The principal reason we consider tunicates similar to the ancestor of all chordates is that Select one: a. tunicates have a lophophore-style mouth. b. tunicate adults are very similar to the ancestors of cephalochordates and vertebrates. c. tunicate larvae are primitive in all of their features. d. tunicate larvae possess the synapomorphies of adult chordates and thus reveal close evolutionary relationships with chordates. e. the body plan of adult tunicates parallels that of chordates.

Which statement describes characteristics of planarians? a they live in oceans, are parasites, and reproduce only sexually. b they live in fresh water, are parasites, and reproduce only asexually. c they live in oceans, are free living, and reproduce sexually and asexually. d they live in fresh water, are free living, and reproduce sexually and asexually.

Match each description to the level of organization

On a backpacking trip, kenny hikes all day at a steady pace, covering 30 kilometers and burning 4000 calories. at the school track, janelle runs the 100-meter sprint in 13.5 seconds, burning 10 calories. afterward, janelle’s leg muscles are aching and she is breathing hard, while kenny maintains normal breathing all day, even though he burns 400 times more calories than janelle. which two statements offer the best explanation for this phenomenon? a. if the aerobic pathway—cellular respiration—cannot meet the energy demand, then the anaerobic pathway—lactic acid fermentation—starts up, resulting in lactic acid buildup and "oxygen debt." b. aerobic cellular respiration produces more energy, but its use is limited because of lactic acid buildup in the muscles and the resulting "oxygen debt." c. after about 90 seconds of intense exercise, the muscles become depleted of oxygen, and anaerobic respiration can no longer function to produce atp, resulting in "oxygen debt." d. the rate of energy demand determines how the muscles will obtain energy, either from cellular respiration or from lactic acid fermentation if not enough oxygen is present.