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a. inheritance of natural variations

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b. inheritance of acquired characteristics

Explanation:

the flies were able to keep growing normal wings even though each generation before had their wings clipped. the wings being clipped was an acquired characteristic, but since it didn't affect future generations, it disproved the idea that evolution can be affected by acquired characteristics.

the correct answer is: b. pantala flavescens, because these organisms would have a high level of genetic variation due to sexual reproduction.  

because involves two organisms (parents) whose genetic material combines, sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. the offspring is an unique organism, with new genome, more protected with the higher ability to adapted. this process is fundamental to evolution.