A pair of identical twins develop leukemias, where immature white blood cells proliferate uncontrollably. In each case, the cancer cells analyzed from identical twins displayed an identical chromosomal mutation and this critical mutation was not found in the twins normal cells. The twins developed leukemia at different times in their lives. What is the best explanation for the origin of this chromosomal mutation

The chromosomal rearrangement resulted from a rare somatic mutational event that occurred in utero

Explanation:

Leukemia is a progressive type of cancer where immature white blood cells (leukocytes) proliferate uncontrollably. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have shown that somatic mutations are relatively common in different types of leukemia such as, for example, acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, identical twins are developed from one fertilized egg (ovum) that splits and develops into two identical individuals that share all of their genes (i.e., they have exactly the same genetic information). In this case, it is expected that leukemogenesis was initiated in the utero by the occurrence of a chromosomal rearrangement and proceeded early during development as distinct clonalities. In addition, the fact that identical twins developed leukemia at different times in their lives also indicates that this malignancy wasn't caused by only one mutation, but instead it was triggered by multiple mutational events (i.e., leukemia is a multistep cancer caused by secondary genetic changes).

the cells uses some of the atoms of the glucose molecules to atp molecules. the atoms of the glucose molecules will then be converted into energy which will be eventually stored in atp. the energy produced which are stored in atp are coming from the glucose’s chemical bonds.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.