If a characteristic is found in bacteria, fungi, pine trees, snakes, and humans, when did it most likely evolve?

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

The following image is of a diatom. it lives in water and gets food from photosynthesis. it is encased in a hard shell made of something similar to glass or sand . a diatom is a(n) because it has a) multi-celled organism; specialized parts. b) vertebrate; a skeleton. c) insect; an exoskeleton. d) single-called organism; only one cell.

Which equation is used to calculate the magnetic force on a charge moving in a magnetic field