Is hunger the best indicator that the body needs fuel?

Photosynthesis uses co2 and cellular respiration produces co2. we call the point when the two processes are in balance--when there is no net production of co2--the compensation point. how might you limit one of the processes in order to achieve a compensation point?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Common symptoms of an iron-defiency anemia include muscle weakness shortness of breath and lightheadedness why does iron deficiency causes these symptoms