Identify the greenhouse gases that make the greenhouse effect possible. check all that apply.

water vapor

nitrogen

carbon dioxide

methane

nitrous oxide

The right answer is water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxyde and methane.

Two-thirds of the energy from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere, the soil and the ocean. The remaining third is directly reflected back to space by clouds, aerosols, the atmosphere and the earth's surface. Atmosphere and terrestrial surface in turn emit infrared radiation that clouds and greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane for the most important) absorb and re-emit largely to the ground. Greenhouse gases have the particularity of being virtually transparent to solar radiation and opaque to infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The energy is trapped. This phenomenon has been dubbed "greenhouse effect" by analogy with the gardener's greenhouse. It is estimated that without this greenhouse effect of the atmosphere, the average temperature at the surface of the earth would be at most -19 ° C instead of the 15 ° C that we know.

N2O nitrous oxide, the third largest greenhouse gas in the world is little known. Its emissions play an important role in global warming, but also in the degradation of the ozone layer.

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.