Materials essential to life processes move across a cell membrane through a variety of methods. what cell membrane structure allows water-soluble materials to be passively transported to the cytoplasm?

carrier proteins

Explanation: Proteins in the cell membrane that assist with facilitated diffusion are known as carrier proteins, or transport proteins, since they carry materials across the cell membrane.

Carrier proteins bind to a molecule on one side of the membrane, change shapes to shield the molecule from the lipid bilayer, and then release the molecule on the other side of the membrane.

the sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including dna and rna. this backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.