Today, we know these “factors” are alleles. an allele is an alternative form of a gene that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome. we usually have two alleles for a trait, one inherited from each parent. we can rework mendel’s original crosses with the notation for the alleles for seed color. this notation is called the genotype. when the pair of alleles is identical, they are called homozygous. when the pair is different, they are called heterozygous. capital letters represent dominant traits; lower case letters represent recessive traits. dominant traits can mask recessive traits. the colors yellow and green are called the phenotype.
how would we describe the genotype of the green seeds?

Two students are working together on an experiment that measures the effect of different liquid fertilizers on the thickness of plants’ stems. which is most likely to result in the greatest amount of error in their scientific experiment? a. one student measures the plant stem widths by using calipers. the other student measures the widths of the same plant stems again by using a different pair of calipers. b. one student measures the plant stem widths by using calipers. the other student types the measurements as they are taken into a computer spreadsheet. c. one student weighs liquids for the experiment by using a calibrated scale. the other student weighs liquids for the experiment by using a different calibrated scale.